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Polish Bond appropriate term for George Francis Kulczycki

Polish James Bond is the proper term for George Franciszek Kulczycki ski
James Bond is the proper term for George Francis Kulczycki literary hero, "Victoria" by Cezary Harasimowicz.
was in the service of His Majesty King John III Sobieski, the bullets do not imały, the court of Sultan Mehmed IV and Emperor Leopold I felt as freely as in the saddle of his horse. The languages \u200b\u200band mores of that world he knew well, so as a merchant, an emissary and a soldier fared superbly. Many historians often make the mistake of making him either an Austrian or a Ukrainian.
Kulczycki was a Pole, although most Austrians remember it. It was he, as you can read in the guides of Vienna, was the founder of the first Viennese coffee house. Start the Vienna
love for coffee is - like nearly everything in this town - shrouded in quasi - historical legend. During the Turkish siege in 1683, when Vienna inclined to surrender, a Pole named Kulczycki carried the news from the besieged city to the troops rushing to the rescue, passing through the Turkish camp. You can easily mix with the crowd of Turks - because he said their language - and happy received numerous invitations to coffee. In the seventeenth-century Vienna, this drink was not known, but Kulczycki drank it during his many travels, so with pleasure, sipping a sip, watching closely the deployment of troops Ottoman army. His remarks passed to John III Sobieski proved invaluable to the Polish king's help in planning an effective impact hussars.
After the massacre of Turkish troops, liberated Vienna residents rushed to the left by fleeing in panic Turkish food supplies. The crowd knew only one Kulczycki, they are looking for: bags with a strange grain. Those who saw it, asked how they eat: baked, boiled or fried?
Pole did not betray the secret.
From John III as a reward for his merits spy bags of coffee beans was obtained in the Turkish camp, and for his contributions to Vienna's license he got from the Emperor - the first in the Holy Roman Empire - at the opening of the Kaffe Schrank (literally "coffee cabinet"). And just so
born cafe.
So colorful and very well deserved for the success of the allied army military figure, became the hero of "Victoria" Cezary Harasiomicza. Los

meant that during the work on the sources of literary material "Victoria" we met our hero's descendant - Jerzy Kulczycki arms Sas.
Imagine his surprise that, after so many years forgotten in Poland over the centuries a whole, the figure of his ancestor was in the center of events to Victoria.
archives and information gathered by the family Kulczycki documentary prompted us to consider this an extremely interesting and Polish historical figure.
The real fate of his ancestor JF Kulczycki, tell us in the documentary film "Viktoria" Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki "no one else, as his descendant, Jerzy Kulczycki.

Probably the documents and information of source material for the documentary film is only part of what the world remembers. And maybe some of the panelists, is interested in this character and help us raise more interesting facts that build this character. Maybe someone had heard other stories and inspired them further enliven our hero. In the feature film we want and we can show a lot more.
Establishing communication with the defenders of the city was thanks to Francis and his minions Kulczycki, Jerzy Michalowicz, who dressed as Turkish, knowing language and customs of the enemy infiltrated the camp and told the Kara Mustały Starhemberg of relief. During the next crossing Michalowicz has been recognized and killed by the Turks, and Kulczycki survived the war and later became famous as the founder of the first café in Vienna "

(Sobieskis Janina coat of arms, Leszek Podhorodecki, People's Cooperative Publishing, Warsaw 1981, p. 170).

In addition to the individual statements (Bystroń, Kuchowicz, Rzepińska) on the occasion of coffee a little more I found on the home bookshelf. it would be necessary to go to university, perhaps also something AGAD no.
Born in 1640, came from Sambora. In his youth he spent a long time in the East, he met a Muslim customs and learned the Turkish language. Last lived in Vienna, was the translator, was engaged in the trade. As a brave man, a fishing line adventurous, volunteered for a dangerous mission to meet the courier. (Here a description of the transition to Vienna). Kulczycki did not try any more risky trip, but a brave Michalowicz przekradał still happily twice, and the third time on September 1 on the way back, he was captured by the Turks, however, escaped from slavery, but later, hence regarded as a missing person, not on the list of winners. However a few years after the siege of Vienna came to his birthplace in Lesna Podlaska, completing the wedding, which he did at Vienna, that will visit a miraculous image of Our Lady in the local church. By the church as an offering of a sword, which he had gained at Vienna and the Turkish stirrup. The historical zawieruchach they have spared no Polish, both votives Michalowicz lost, nevertheless remained a record in the annals of the church in Lesna Podlaska
That's it! Everyone likes coffee ... And if not we all? And if anyone likes Kapuczino (phonetic intended)?
How was it to d'Aviano and the first European Cappuccino, formed almost immediately after the first European coffee?

Yours
Imc Mr. Jerzy Kulczycki and his family

Noble Przemysl - the County niegrodowe - Ekonomja Samborska - Noble Aristocratic "Sas" - The heroic deed of Vienna
Kulczycki
so happened that this year when we celebrate the 250th anniversary of the siege Vienna, reminded himself and, Jerzy Kulczycki his name and the role it played in 1683, are known in the history of a long time. It is known that dressed as a Turk, escaped from Vienna through the camp century vizier there and back, and has been declining in the spirit of the Viennese news of the impending rescue. Besides his deed and beyond this, that as a reward, he received a concession for the establishment of the first café in Vienna, there is actually closer to Kulczycki stories do not mention. It is known that he did not come from the bourgeoisie, but of those which they called the "bene nati" come probably was not very "possesionatus. Mr. George Francis of Kulczyc, coat of arms Sas, Kulczycki, a nobleman Przemysl, and although the same or maybe even just his parents' sitting in the yard, "but probably regarded himself as" equal palatine. "

II
Nest Pedigree Kulczyce Kulczycki are provided in miles away from Sambor. Lvov, Przemysl. In miles away from. tem, especially in the south, the Carpathians and in Podkarpackie, were enormous benefit of the Crown, or królewszczyzny, dating from the time of seizure by Russia Halicka Casimir W. lands were owned by the government in a general medieval rule that all land belongs to the king of empty . And then these areas were indeed almost uninhabited, and even the relatively huge virgin forest. When later, as Zyg ¬ munte Augusta was the reform of the Crown adminiracji goods in Poland, Zwaan "execution of the goods", divided usually made by the great mass of the royal complexes, namely the so-called. "County niegrodowe" which called szliachcie lease for various accomplishments. Although it zwało "bread well deserved," but in practice these goods received almost exclusively magnates, and it is not always najzasłużeńsi, sometimes the ones opposing the position they wanted to appease in this way.
The mayor paid a low rent to the royal treasury and the so-called. "Quart" to treasure the military and received enormous sums of goods, belonging to the county.

One of the biggest starosties gro ¬ tions in whole Poland was storostwo Samborski also called - "ekonomją sambarską" 1 During the reign of King John III, which had complied with a detailed "vetting" or official census and estimate the ekonomji goods, it should include 3 cities (Sambor, Sambor and Old Old Salt), 6 salt mines tudziez 144 villages in 17 keys. Ekonomja Samborska stretched over the area today. samborskiogo, Turčiansky and Drohobycz, and reached up to brzozowski and rudczański. Of course, that the king was out of the villages in the area and many private goods. Often one and the village were the next sajmej fiefs and the royal and nobility, and even aristocratic. The most distinctive feature of the relationship of this area was a large number of backwaters of the nobility. Usually made by some of these private goods originating ¬ been confirmed with the royal grants, and was originally given jn the people of war in accordance with the principles of the so-called. "Knights of law", ie the obligation of military service on every call. At the end of the century average. przedstawiało a knighthood and a veritable mosaic of nationalities and religion, there were Poles, Russians and foreigners, but to the days of Sobieski was the nobility of foreign origin or zruszczeniu localization. But almost every nobleman Rusin, though still jammed schismatic, he considered himself the political wzlędem a Pole "was a gente ratenus natione Polonus." In addition to the diversity of national origins, has been economically and social diversity. In these pages, moreover, were given the land rather poorer warriors, and that lands in the mountain regions were lichsze so already mountains were the data on the formation of a layer of nobility.

III
very significant part of the backwaters was in the days of Sobieski inhabited by nobles Wallachian origin "Sas coat of arms." Wealth and social position of the Saxons were also very different. After all, John III had their veins the blood of the Saxons, because his mother was from Daniłowiczówna home, who are most eminent in the history of Polish branch of the Saxons. backwaters "Saxon" was for John III, already a significant amount. A lot of parochial Saxons have in the territory ekonomji Samborski, and so Kulczycki, Bilinskis, Jaworski, Horodyskich, Terlreckich, etc
In Kulczycach the east. from Sambora, still distinguish two parts: Kulczyce Rustic and K. Noble. First were the days of Sobieski ekonomji Samborski, the second was backwater, populated by numerous Saxons - Kulczycki. Vetting of Times Sobieski (1686) gives a vivid picture of the local relations ¬ kow. Gentlemen Kulczyckis was a nobility of temperament, possessed all the virtues and drawbacks of contemporary Polish nobility, which so vividly and colorfully painted Vlad. Lozinski in her impurity known works: "Law and lewem." In the said states lu ¬ stration with so many of their strife with the peasants, and ekonomją Samborska.

Given the weakness of the executive were, unfortunately, these conflicts if the order of the day in various parts of the Commonwealth. No wonder that such Kulczyckis prefer to walk, "lewem" as the law, when they had like the worst example in the local magnates. Indeed, even in the early seventeenth century magnate near them was none other than, as the notorious "Devil Stadnicki" one of the worst brawlers what seemed noble society. In these times when Broil "Devil" was the governor himself Mr. Jerzy Samborski Nuns, who with his ambitious daughter, Maryna gave adventurer Dimitri usurper and brought him to the throne of the tsars arbitrarily, which zawikłał Poland in a long war against Moscow.

fairness admit that this restless, arrogant, adventurous nobility of the Przemysl, Sambor, and remember, however, and duties towards the Fatherland. In difficult times it grabbed the gun, not sparing the blood. Beautiful proof of bravery and patriotism she gave in a tragic 1648, after the outbreak of rebellion Khmelnytsky and after the unfortunate and ignominious crash near Pilawcami.

environment with such a we went out and Mr. Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki, earned in Vienna "need", and later the first Coffee-Danubian capital. Although we do not have the biografji, however we can reproduce the essential features. For young ¬ du have to be a soldier and fight with the Turks. For a long time he stayed in the Tur ¬ tion, perhaps as a prisoner of war, when exactly he met the Turkish customs and perfectly mastered their language. Otherwise he could not so well disguise the Turk, is not able to, without drawing suspicion upon himself, get twice the whole camp century vizier, not odegrałby this role, he has met during the siege remembered ¬ NEGO.

J. Friedberg, IMC Pan Jerzy Kulczycki and his family, the Literary and Scientific Courier, 1933, No. 19

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first Pole to the World Conference in Vienna in 1683






our uncommon Coffee A-A + Jerzy Kulczycki. He was one of the pioneers, so fast growing around the world today, fashion cafes, coffee bars and places where coffee is one of the most important item on the menu.
In the past few years, is also observed in Poland, where for decades, coffee was the product of a very difficult achievable, a huge increase in interest in this subject. This stems largely from the fact that more and more travel, visit interesting places, experiencing new tastes, and on this occasion, changed our outlook on many things - including the coffee. For many of us do not it is only a "little black dress." Going back, looking for similar experiences in place, though often in spite of numerous attempts, the results are meager. There is in fact a question: how among such a large offer, to find precisely this unique flavor, aroma, this coffee prepared?

meet these dilemmas, we invite you at this year's Polagra - Food 2007 for the next installment of the Coffee Island - University of Espresso.

this year, you'll be invited into the world of coffee homogeneous, or beans from different regions of the world. Into the hands of trainers Academy of espresso, and also fans of the company Primulator, we will have the opportunity to go on a trip to Guatemala, Costa Rica and many other amazing places, where the coffee tree beans are grown. It will be a unique opportunity to taste not only the coffee homogeneous, but also prepared on their base, especially for guests Coffee Island, mixtures.

Another attraction, targeted primarily at those who prefer the coffee or flavored milk, will be able to participate in the preparation of professional coffee menu. Starting from the preparation of the base - in the form of espresso and perfectly frothed milk, trace the further development, both the most classic drinks such as coffee and drinks served during the championships baristas. Using this opportunity, therefore, we can not just try to prepared drinks during the show, but also podpatrzeć some ideas for his private use.

visit to the Island Coffee - Espresso Academy will be a great experience not only for lovers of flavored beverage, but also for people who plan to tie up professionally with the coffeehouse. Primulator company, is preparing for several presentations combined with workshops, which will undoubtedly be a surprise. Besides, like last year, will be able to look closely and working professionally equipped and cafe
is safe to say that by the year 1683 Austria was a country of desert and cursed. Although there was plenty of music, riches, castles and art, they had coffee there. Then in 1683, the eternal enemy of Austria - Ottoman Empire, already in the fifteenth century, the Austrians did not give peace, attacked the Vienna. That required a long war Of course lunches, and also, you can not hide, cunning.
Viennese need someone who przemknąłby unnoticed by the enemy line. Someone you could trust enough to send his message to the army of the emperor, who was stationed on the other side of the Danube, the enemy troops. So they found George Francis Kulczycki, who dressed as a Turk, has successfully defeated by swimming the river and reached the Emperor's forces. In part, his achievement was the completion of long-term defense of the city.

Turks fled from Vienna, leaving the entire their possessions: 10 thousand cattle, 100,000 bushels of corn, gold, and a number of bags of coffee. When the booty divided among the winners, no one wanted to take a coffee - no one, except Kulczycki, which, tasted the life of a Turk, he knew what kind of drug. (Another version of this story says that when King John III Sobieski took the Turkish camp, were among the spoils of the camels, and the large number of bags of green grain. Thinking that this type of feed, fed them poor animals, which quickly became ill. It was therefore decided useless to burn the grain in a big bonfire. Soon the whole neighborhood rozsnuł a wonderful aroma that has come down to Vienna. Of course, he felt it and mentioned by the author Kulczycki. How quickly drove to the camp and saved from destruction the rest of the green coffee beans. In a short time he opened a coffee shop, who made a sensation and earned him a considerable fortune). Soon and others had learned of it. George Francis wasted no time. At the same time, bakers began selling kipfel-cookie shaped like a sickle moon, specially prepared to celebrate victory over the Turks. Crescent moon is a symbol of the Turks, as it appears on their flag. To this day, coffee and kipfel always go hand in hand.

Kipfel, as a figure of the moon, a snack at the same time, fit for consumption during the celebration of the rite. The moon is associated not only with Turkish flag, but it is a symbol found in many different cultures and people still, even in the era of space flight and the Apollo missions, they are invariably fascinated him. Maybe it's because so brightly lit the night sky? No matter - on any person who in the warm summer night stands and stares at the glow, has a similar impression. Time appropriate for dealing with magic designate phases of the moon. Festivals and celebrations in honor of the moon are celebrated throughout the world. There is also a full lunar mythology, a pantheon of gods and goddesses, knotted with our Earth's satellite. The emergence of Viennese pastries inspired kipfel Turkish coffee and the victory at Vienna, but people from such diverse cultures as China, and Vienna has long been baked - each in his own way - in the shape of the moon cakes.

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